Identifying a text

Hi again! I arrived from New Zealand a couple of days ago, but now I'm back, and one thing that has been in my head during all the trip was the question about what items do you need to identify in a text to understand it completely. After a bit of reflexion, I'll give you what I conclude. 

The first three ones are the topic, the theme and the main idea (if you want to know what does it mean any of them, just go a couple of posts before). With them, you can make an idea of what's what they are talking about. The source (where it's extracted from) is also very important to identify the author's purpose, as commonly, the place and time where the author wrote the text are very influential items in the ideas spoken and what do they mean. The genre in which it's written its also determinant in the tone, as you can deduct it from there in which tone is the text. The vocabulary is crucial. The register, jargon and argot also help you to determinate which is the target audience. 


After you identify all of this, you have comprehended all the text, so Congratulations!